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Poesia T/47 (p. 19) Guillem Viladot
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Faithful to the visual culture of our times,
the Basque author Ainize Txopitea offers us a series of poster-images
which are, to a certain degree, visual poems that share a
current subject: violence. Sign and fate of our age, social,
political, sexual, informative, cultural and counter-cultural
violence has become our shadow accompanying us at any time
and everywhere.
The artist, receptive to our daily and anonymous shouts, unmasks
motivated historical disasters in the twinkling of an eye,
creating a language or a “Langu(im)age”, which
is a chronicle of desolated and violated worlds. Ainize images
produce a visual chronicle of critique and denounce; a visual
writing of protest against violence of any type, against the
spirit’s death and against the notion of art understood
in compartments of separate disciplines.
Txopitea’s “Cartelería Poética”
includes 24 posters and it opens up its doors with an epigraph
by Joan Brossa that refers to the eternal dilemma of tempus
fugit and the importance of getting the “essential things”
at the first glimpse. The author locates its spectators within
this belief, so important by the avant-garde artists of all
times, by using mainly a visual language. And by just taking
a look at these posters we can recognize the speed at which
certain contents are emitted and perceived. This makes possible
to transmit a series of sensations and emotions which are
related to the thematic of violence with a minimal verbal
syntax focused in lexical variants but making us paying attention
to color and a selection of icons from popular culture.
The minimal verbal syntax of these posters, although static,
acquires a degree of dynamism that is in consonance with the
graphic images of the poems. An outstanding aspect is for
example, the combination of simple verbal games of associative
and dissimilative nature, which gives body to the visual content
in which they are inserted. We can read for instance in two
different posters: M ATAME and MATAMATA-.
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There
are several lexical combinations such as: Kill me (MATAME),
or Tie me (ATAME) and Kill Kill (MATA), Tie, Tie (ATA), Love
(AMA). At first we may think that the author is evoking in
us a locus amoenus of love and mysticism but in the whole
context these verbal games acquire a critical and demystifying
tone against the exploitation of certain stereotypes produced
by the mass media (film industry, consumerist propaganda,
etc.). The verbal components employed in this series of posters
are a recurrent element that reinforces the central theme
of her critique against violence.
With regards to the visual aspect of these images, the technique
of collage becomes a functional element in relation to the
theme of violence, creating a fast and sharp sort of pace.
Another technique, the accumulation of elements, icons, objects
in a single image, acts in a similar functional way, increasing
a degree of tension. In addition, the dissimilar nature of
objects and icons included, reinforces a sense of chaos and
urban noises, basic condition of today’s human being.
Another compositional and graphic element, original in these
posters that emphasizes vertical and tense territories is
the use of a visual background composed of pixels, squares,
and black and white dots. This evidences not only a techno-graphic
awareness but also a thematically functional visual writing.
Another significant element of this visual writing stands
out by the recurrent use of chromatic contrasts such as –black
and white and black and red-. These visual contrasts stress
the theme of violence. Passion, sensuality (symbolized in
the myth of Lauren Bacal), sex, blood, death (the gas children
and the nazi’s swastika), pain and incomprehension (Fridha),
terrorism, Iraq (Bush), violence on the streets, anonymous
voices in protest (graffiti), are only some of the main messages
emitted in these image collages.
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The first visual poem of this series is “Ser
Palabra” (To be Word), where violence acts as a weapon
to our external senses: sight, smell, taste. The woman’s
face of the poem is shut up. She cannot speak, she cannot
see, and she cannot smell. Also, the absence of color in the
poem reinforces, in this case, the theme of violence. The
scissors in the mouth and nose of the woman and the letters
covering her eyes can be interpreted here as an omnipresent
and repressive social apparatus. This visual poem is a poem
of urgency, panic, pain, and also of the death of the spirit.
It is a poem in black and white with a crossword as a background,
with spaces in black and white to fill out; spaces that are
symbolic of young people making decisions and pastimes stepping
at us with the sign of a crisis. The same concept of crossword
acts as a leitmotif of the “Cartelería Poética”
offering us a world to decipher in verbal-visual codes.
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As
we can see, in these poems the author does not use the attractive
element of nostalgia evoking wonderful past or lost paradises.
These images pretend to be a chronicle of the barbaric acts
–individual or collective- of our historical times charged
with the multiple signs of violence, emptiness, pain and desperation.
The death of the spirit and the death of the body present
themselves as a compulsory result of our acts that are neither
fecund nor natural, filling out the black and white spaces
of the crosswords/world that we are living in.
The main theme of these posters is not new neither the visual
techniques used by the author. By using materials and techniques
common to the visual arts, she “speaks” to us
about one of the biggest crises of our epoch. Fragmentation
and multiplicity operate as ethic and aesthetic elements of
her visual writing. What the author offers us is neither a
visual nor a verbal delight to escape from the daily conflicts.
She is not interested in a visual locus amoenus but in a recyclable
and significant space that in just a few seconds offers us
critical, esthetic and political flashes, about dark aspects
of our world dominated by stress and emptiness.
The author following Joan Brossa and other pioneers in this
interdisciplinary and hybrid language uses several languages
to produce a synaesthetic message which includes more than
only one language, verbal or conceptual. Her visual poems
are away from gender and genre limitations and do not impose
limits to our perception, which “speaks” to us
through a variety of languages such as color, image, graphic
techniques, and words.
As a complementary reading to her “Cartelería
Poética” it is necessary to see her web page,
especially the section entitled “Experimental Poetry”:
http://www.cyberpoetry.net/web_content/menu.html
. In this site we are offered visual, cybernetic and
kinetic poems open to lexical and therefore semantic variants.
But these poems in order to exist do need the physical participation
of the reader. At the beginning we see a static matrix of
letters that can be activated by clicking a bottom and we
can stop this activation at any moment by clicking the bottom
again. When we stop it, at that precise moment we materialize
a unique reading, and poem by deactivating other readings,
and other poems. In this writing, time and space are two determining
factors of the semantics of the poem. Mobility has become
here an essential valence.
Behind this poetic production the author apply principles
of the theory of Chaos and of Fractal Geometry, communicating
among other things, an intrinsic conception of the mechanics
of the universe as something open and dynamic but at the same
time with certain patrons and order beneath Chaos.
Without any doubts Ainize Txopitea has in her artistic career
a wide repertoire of visual writings, being Fractal Writing,
a pioneer in the Hispanic poetic world.
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Laura López Fernández
laura.lopez-fernandez@canterbury.ac.nz
University of Canterbury
New Zealand
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